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Additional info for Environmental noise barriers : a guide to their acoustic and visual design

Example text

Defining the need for barriers It is the landscape architect’s role to try to minimise the effects of any scheme on the landscape. Where adverse effects occur, mitigation must be designed. Landscape objectives must be formulated to satisfy this national requirement. Local needs and issues also need to be considered. The main landscape objective of a road or railway scheme should be to avoid any detrimental change in landscape character as this defines the nature of any particular location. 31 Where a scheme is proposed in an already downgraded location, opportunities should be taken to improve the environment.

It was suggested that the EU adopted the following targets for the reduction of environmental noise exposure: • • • • phasing out of exposure above 65 dB L Aeq (black areas); reducing the proportion of the population exposed to between 55–65 dB L Aeq (grey areas); noise levels in existing quiet areas should not rise above 55 dB L Aeq; exposure to more than 85 dB L Aeq should never be allowed. In order to achieve these objectives, it was agreed that there should be harmonisation of measurement and prediction methods and indices, improved information exchange and publication, a common environmental assessment framework and an obligation on member states to take the necessary action to meet agreed minimum noise quality targets.

The different approaches are a clear result of the different policies adopted by each country. The most significant of these is that noise limits, or at least objectives, are set out in legislation. Often these limits are set at low levels and limits of 55 dB LAeq are frequently imposed. In the UK there is no legally defined limit, although the 68 dB LAeq,18hr noise insulation threshold has become a de facto limit. 17 It should be noted that all European countries with the exception of the UK use the equivalent continuous noise level index to define their noise.

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