Download PDF by Peter Petraitis: Multiple Stable States in Natural Ecosystems
By Peter Petraitis
ISBN-10: 0199569347
ISBN-13: 9780199569342
Essentially the most fascinating and vexing difficulties in ecology is how tremendously varied groups of vegetation and animals can happen within the related environment. the idea of those platforms, referred to as a number of reliable states, is definitely understood, yet no matter if a number of good states truly exist in nature has remained a hotly debated topic.
Multiple reliable States in normal Ecosystems presents a wide and artificial critique of modern advances in thought and new experimental proof. smooth versions of platforms with a number of strong states are put in historic context. present theories are lined in a rigorous type with the categorical target of picking testable predictions approximately a number of solid states. The publication presents a extra man made, extra severe, and broader research of a number of solid states in traditional ecosystems than any prior evaluate. via making the idea extra obvious and the research of the proof extra comparative, the ebook broadens the dialogue approximately a number of solid states, resulting in a extra normal attention of the interaction among concept and scan in neighborhood ecology and environmental administration.
This obtainable examine monograph might be appropriate for graduate scholars taking classes in neighborhood ecology, theoretical ecology, and recovery ecology. it's going to even be a helpful reference for pro ecologists and environmental managers requiring a concise evaluate of the subject.
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Additional info for Multiple Stable States in Natural Ecosystems
Sample text
1993). Alternative equilibria in shallow lakes. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 8, 275–279. Reproduced with permission from Elsevier. What theory actually tells us about multiple stable states 21 between one of the stable points and the ridge line shrinks. Thus, close to the folds, small perturbations in vegetative biomass that are unrelated to stocking levels may tip the system over the breakpoint curve and cause the vegetative biomass to shift abruptly to the other stable point. Many ecologists used the term “threshold” for both crossing the breakpoint curve and the discontinuous jumps at the turns.
In contrast at the upper point, the prey are much more common suggesting the predator is not effective in controlling the prey yet perturbations of the system would not cause cycling of predator and prey numbers. Without some knowledge of the underlying causes, it would be difficult untangle the interactions between prey and predator. Predator-prey models with multiple stable states have been extended to include multiple prey species, and Holt et al’s (1994) model is one of the best known examples.
Rates of individual processes are proxies for population dynamics of sentinel species, which in turn are proxies for changes in community structure and composition. Detection of multiple stable states 37 Finally the most troublesome issue is self-replacement, which is a proxy for stability (Connell 1983, Grimm and Wissel 1997, Peterson 1984, Sousa and Connell 1985, Sutherland 1990). The theory of multiple stable states was developed in the context of dynamical systems where stability is well-defined and the question of stability has either a yes or no answer (Lewontin 1969).
Multiple Stable States in Natural Ecosystems by Peter Petraitis
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