Download e-book for kindle: Research Methods for Science by Marder M.P.
By Marder M.P.
ISBN-10: 0521145848
ISBN-13: 9780521145848
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Sample text
Previous experiments detecting the electron found the ratio of its charge to its mass. Millikan developed a new technique where oil droplets acquired charges of single electrons and were placed in electric fields. The speed at which the oil droplets moved while gravity pulled them down and electric fields pulled them up made it possible to deduce the charge of the electron. However, in order to find this fundamental constant, it was necessary to know also the precise amount of drag that air exerted on the oil droplets when they started moving.
The researcher decides to check. 4. There are 54 tails and 46 heads, not exactly 50–50. Is the coin fair? 4 Solutions with unlimited time and money For each of these experiments, there are solutions that would involve huge expenditures of resources. For the ball rolling down a ramp, one could build the ramp out of optical glass, flat to less than a micron, place it in a windless temperaturecontrolled chamber on a vibration isolation table, launch the ball with a gate run by a computer-controlled motor, and measure the passage of the ball through the optical beams with analog-to-digital cards connected to computers capable of resolving time differences of a microsecond.
Sometimes the errors may be caught by other scientists with expert knowledge during the review process. Sometimes they may be revealed when other scientists repeat the measurements using different methods. Based on the past history of finding errors, there must be many incorrect results currently believed to be true (one hopes there are not too many that are very important). 6). 6 Charge on electron versus time. Data prior to 2008 taken from a sequence of review articles in Reviews of Modern Physics on fundamental physical constants by Birge, and Dumond and Cohen, such as Cohen and DuMond (1965).
Research Methods for Science by Marder M.P.
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